Fig. 21

Skin friction lines on the normalized composite surface pressure fields for different values of the pressure plateau amplitude \({a}_{\mathrm{pl}}\): a 0, b 0.05, c 0.095, d 0.1, e 0.105, and f 0.11, where the dashed line indicates the position of the inviscid shock wave. PS: primary separation line, PA: primary attachment line, SS: secondary separation line, SA: secondary attachment line. From Liu et al. [33]